The Sicilian Defense is Black’s most popular response to White’s e4 and is an aggressive opening that denies White the occupancy of the d4 and e4 squares simultaneously. The first move of the opening c5 demands central control post the first move itself making this defense a sharp and brilliant one to play. Today this opening is very popular among Grandmasters and World Champions.

Let’s take a look at why the Sicilian Defense is so popular.

Sicilian Defense is so popular and effective opening because it gives Black a comfortable position to defend the King’s territory while providing scope to counter-attack the opponent. The opening also creates a position that denies White the advantage that it usually gains as it starts the match.

Black stakes a claim to the centre through this opening wherein if White were to eventually play d4 to gain central control, the c file pawn would get exchanged with the d file pawn, giving Black a greater central control overall.

It is the most popular and best-scoring response to White’s e4 according to multiple computer analysis programs as well.

Why the Sicilian Defense strikes all the right chords?

Sicilian Defense promises a strong attack from the beginning itself with the sharp variations it has. The players, from the first move itself, are seen to be playing with different goals in their minds, providing a great scope for attack and defense on both sides individually. This prevents the gameplay from me being boring and also makes it imperative for each player to keep their guard high while sharpening their swords.

Defending and attacking seems to be of equal importance when playing this opening. In some variations, White and Black are even seen to castle on different sides, making the position even more unstable, allowing both sides to pose incredible threats to the opposition with the help of their individuals Rook and Queens on the semi-open files available. This opening is also extremely popular among world champions and grandmasters because of the sharpness of this line.

Source – Wikipedia

Positional Gameplay

Since the Sicilian Opening has multiple variations, there are a variety of positions that occur through this opening, making every game you play using the opening starkly different and exciting.

Compared to the French Defense, where it is possible to find the same exact position, it is extremely rare to find the same position with the Sicilian Defense. Every variation, under this opening, is extremely diverse, making it extremely difficult for any player to know all the nuances of this opening. The variations of the opening also make it very interesting, allowing players to play this Sicilian Defense with a probable different variation every time.

Let’s Talk Numbers

Let’s take a look at the overall win rates of games where the Sicilian Defense has been played in comparison with some of the other popular openings used by Black:

Source – TheChessWorld.com

As evidently displayed in the table above, playing this defense is extremely beneficial for Black statistically. Hence this statistical proof also has a major contribution to the popularity of this sharp opening.

Favorite Among the Champions

World Champions like Garry Kasparov and Bobby Fischer also popularised this opening by playing it exhaustively across multiple games. In 1990, the authors of “Modern Chess Openings” (13th edition) noted that “In the twentieth century the Sicilian has become the most played and most analysed opening at both the club and master levels.”

The use of this opening by so many well-reputed players, in some cases the exclusive use of this opening, pushed the opening into the light of fame, making it more and more popular among modern chess players. Some of the best games with the Sicilian Defense played are :

• Paul Morphy Vs Adolf Anderssen
• Lajos Steiner Vs Aron Nimzowitsch
• Alexander Alekhine Vs A Galindo

Sharpness of this Line

Grandmaster John Nunn ascribes the Sicilian Defense’s fame to its “combative nature”. He further said:

“In many lines, Black is playing not just for equality, but for the advantage. The drawback is that White often obtains an early initiative, so Black has to take care not to fall victim to a quick attack.”

Grandmaster Jonathan Rowson wrote:

“To my mind, there is quite a straightforward explanation. In order to profit from the initiative granted by the first move, White has to make use of his opportunity to do something before Black has an equal number of opportunities of his own. However, to do this, he has to make “contact” with the black position. The first point of contact usually comes in the form of a pawn exchange, which leads to the opening of the position.”

Central Control

By moving onto c5, Black has held power over the square d4 and subsequently keeps White from supporting all-out control of the middle by pushing the King pawn up to the Queen pawn’s side. The elective move for Black to apply comparative control of the centre square is to move to e5. However, this offers symmetry which can be disregarded by numerous players.

The trading of the c and d pawn also exposes the king to a certain level allowing Black to plan serious attacks upon White’s king, making this opening very appealing for people to play from Black’s side. Hence, this opening allows Black to begin with a counter attacking game and swiftly move towards an overall attacking position, giving Black an advantage.

Common Questions

Let’s discuss some common questions that may arise when players are choosing this defense to play.

1. Is Sicilian Defense a good choice for beginners?

The Sicilian Defense is an extremely sharp opening with multiple variations and loopholes making it slightly complicated for a beginner to master. As much as one studies this opening, a new line may always arise in every game, making it necessary for the player to be slightly tactical in his/her gameplay to tackle this opening.

2. Which variation of the Sicilian Defense is the best?

80% of all the examples of the Sicilian Defense begin with the Open Sicilian, that is – 1.e4 c5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d6, as it engages the game in tactical and positional play. The Open Sicilian is also considered to be rather simpler and hence is popular among new players of the defense. However, all the variations of the Sicilian defense are very diverse and complicated, hence choosing the best may be a rather personal choice.

Sicilian Defense Open Variation

Books on Sicilian Defense

Here are some good books to learn the Sicilian Defense

• Mastering the Sicilian Defense by Danny Kopec
• Modern Chess Openings by Nick De Firmian
• Starting Out: The Sicilian by John Emms
• Sicilian Defense: 1.e4 c5 in Chess Openings by Tim Sawyer

Conclusion

According to a recent study, some variations of the Sicilian Defense lead to an equal number of Black and White wins over chess matches, while usually, White is said to win 54% of all matches due to the initial advantage White possesses. Thus, these multiple factors contribute to the popularity the Sicilian Defense has very rightly gained, and it continues to be the most powerful opening that Black can play as a response to White’s e4.

Helpful Links

• Sicilian Defense – A Complete Guide
• Sicilian Defense Wiki
• Study Sicilian Defense